Management of hydrological drought in Morocco through the example of the Enaouen hydrological basin

Abstract

Morocco is one of the countries most exposed to the risks of climate change in the African continent, as it is characterized by a hydrological context marked by the lack of regularity in the available quantities of water in time and space. During the period extending from the end of the seventies of the last century to the year 2010-11, there were continuous years of hydrological drought, totaling 23 years, which affected the surface water resources in Morocco in general and the Inaouen Basin in particular.Which required the development of a set of measures to manage it and adapt to it, as addressing these measures constituted the main objective of this study, in addition to those taken by the population in the field of study, and to achieve this aim it was relied on the deductive approach and on observation and oral interview, to conclude finally that drought management in Morocco is opposed to set of constraints, the most important of which is the failure to move from a reactive approach based on crisis management and treatment of drought symptoms to a preventive and proactive approach, in addition to the multiplicity of interventions at the central and local levels, with the weak capabilities of various actors at the local level, which is reflected in the various projects that seek to adapt to Hydrological drought