Anthropology between Spontaneous practice and scientific establishment

Abstract

We tried in this article to work on the field of anthropology and to introduce a general view in the books of early travelers. We sought to examine the historical record of the field and to highlight the value of early Arab journeys to this scientific field.We dealt with the most important journeys which caused its academic establishment and its history until the emergence of the concept of anthropology in the 19th century. We will focus on its important definitions and famous schools: evolutionary, propagative, functional, structural and its cultural and personal trends. Then we will treat its important sections and branches: Organic anthropology, Cultural Anthropology and Social anthropology