Question of civilization in circular theory Applications about Ibn Khaldun, Oswald Spengler and Arnold Toynbee

Abstract

This article aims to highlight the importance of circular theory in the study of the concept of civilization, and focuses on the historical, philosophical and social aspects of this theory. This article also picks out three models of prominent thinkers and Belonging to: Ibn Khaldun, Oswald Spengler and Arnold Toynbee. This article shows in terms of content and results points of similarities and differences between these three thinkers who coincided with different historical, social, political and economic contexts different and distinct, and shows the theoretical and methodological foundations on which these thinkers are based on in the analysis of the origin, development and collapse of civilizations, as: The principle of similarity between the age of man and the age of civilization, and the principle of determinism, which constitutes a law that can be universally applied to all human civilizations